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PF-046 · Verified method

Pneumatic Flow Restrictor Sizing Calculator

Size an orifice/restrictor for target flow at given pressures.

Inputs

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ENGINEERING GUIDE

Use the Pneumatic Flow Restrictor Sizing Calculator to size an orifice/restrictor for target flow at given pressures. The calculator uses Target reference flow, Upstream absolute pressure, Downstream absolute pressure, Air temperature and Discharge coefficient Cd and reports required orifice diameter/area.

How to interpret the result

Read the result in the context of the selected units and pressure basis. For this tool, the primary outputs are required orifice diameter/area. Change one input at a time when comparing scenarios so the effect of each variable remains clear.

Formula and methodology

PneumaForge applies this verified method: Inverse compressible orifice equation. The functional engine is shared with related tools in the compressible-orifice family, while this page solves the specific intent represented by pneumatic restrictor sizing calculator.

Inverse compressible orifice equation

Variables and inputs

  • Target reference flow
  • Upstream absolute pressure
  • Downstream absolute pressure
  • Air temperature
  • Discharge coefficient Cd

Worked example

Reproducible example: start with the calculator's default values (Target reference flow = 500; Upstream absolute pressure = 7.01325; Downstream absolute pressure = 1.01325; Air temperature = 20) and calculate the result. Then change the variable most relevant to your application and compare the new required orifice diameter/area against the baseline.

Assumptions and limits

Ideal-gas, quasi-steady, known discharge coefficient C_d. P₁,P₂ absolute. Flag non-air gases unless γ,R supplied.

Engineering tips

  • Use absolute upstream and downstream pressure for compressible-flow equations.
  • Check whether the flow is choked before applying a subcritical relation.
  • For ISO 6358 calculations, use measured C, b and m data from the component manufacturer whenever available.
  • Keep the inputs used for pneumatic flow restrictor sizing calculator on a consistent engineering basis before comparing alternatives.

Frequently asked questions

What does the Pneumatic Flow Restrictor Sizing Calculator calculate?

It is designed to size an orifice/restrictor for target flow at given pressures. The reported outputs are required orifice diameter/area.

What inputs does the Pneumatic Flow Restrictor Sizing Calculator use?

The calculator uses Target reference flow, Upstream absolute pressure, Downstream absolute pressure, Air temperature and Discharge coefficient Cd. Only use values that represent the same operating condition or design case.

What formula or method is used?

The calculation follows: Inverse compressible orifice equation. The page also states the assumptions that define where the method is valid.

Which assumptions can affect the result?

Ideal-gas, quasi-steady, known discharge coefficient C_d. P₁,P₂ absolute. Flag non-air gases unless γ,R supplied.

Can I use different units?

Yes. PneumaForge converts supported units through canonical engineering units. For compressed-air reference flows and pressure bases, the reference pressure and temperature must also remain consistent.

Technical sources